两种农药不同亚致死浓度对梨小食心虫生长发育和繁殖的影响
摘要
在室內将梨小食心虫即将孵化的卵置于浸药幼果上，测定高效氯氟氰菊酯和氯虫苯甲酰胺不同亚致死浓度对梨小食心虫不同龄期幼虫发育时间、幼虫和蛹的发育历期、化蛹率和成虫羽化率、成虫产卵量的影响。结果表明，两种药剂不同亚致死浓度均使害虫不同龄期发育时间、幼虫和蛹发育历期显著延长，且随药剂浓度增加而增加；对化蛹率影响较小；两种药剂较高浓度会显著影响羽化率。两种药剂不同亚致死浓度对蛹重和产卵量影响显著：高效氯氟氰菊酯3个浓度均会显著减轻雌、雄蛹重量，且对雌蛹重量抑制率要高于雄蛹，并使成虫产卵量减少；氯虫苯甲酰胺LC50剂量也会显著减轻雌、雄蛹重量，使成虫产卵量显著减少，当药剂浓度降至LC20和LC30时，氯虫苯甲酰胺对雌、雄蛹重量和成虫产卵量影响不显著，但抑制率出现负值。
关键词
高效氯氟氰菊酯； 氯虫苯甲酰胺； 亚致死浓度； 梨小食心虫
中图分类号：
S 436.612，2
文献标识码： A
DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2017043
Effects of different sublethal concentrations of two pesticides on growth，
development and fecundity of Grapholita molesta （Busck）
YU Qin， FENG Yuntao， DU Enqiang， GUO Xiaojun， GUO Guiming， ZHANG Runxiang
（Institute of Plant Protection，Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Shanxi Key
Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture， Taiyuan 030031， China）
Abstract
By putting upcoming hatched eggs on young fruits dipped with insecticides， aimed to study the effects of three different sublethal concentrations （LC20， LC30and LC50） of lambdacyhalothrin and chlorantraniliprole on the development and fecundity of Grapholita molesta， including developmental time of different instars， developmental duration of larvae and pupae， pupation rate and eclosion rate， and eggs laid per female. The results showed that， after treatment with three different sublethal concentrations of two pesticides， the developmental time of different instars， larvae and pupae were significantly increased， with the concentration increasing. Different sublethal concentrations of the two pesticides had little influences on pupation rate. lambdacyhalothrin LC30， LC50and chlorantraniliprole LC50had significant suppression effect on eclosion rate， and there was no significant difference among the three concentrations of the same pesticide. Different sublethal concentrations of lambdacyhalothrin had influences on pupal weight and egg number laid per female： three sublethal concentrations could significantly reduce female and male pupal weights and egg number laid per female， and had stronger suppression on female pupal weight than on male pupal weight. Chlorantraniliprole LC50 also significantly reduced female and male pupal weights and egg number laid per female； however， chlorantraniliprole LC30and LC20 had no significant effects on pupal weight and egg number， but inhibition rate of chlorantraniliprole on pupal weight and eggs laid per female reached negative.