定语从句向来就是九年级语法教学中的难点，如何把复杂的语法转化为浅显的知识，让学生一学就会，本文集合笔者的教学实践，谈一谈自己的具体教法。 一、明确概念
定语从句是修饰某一名词或代词的从句、被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词。我用a big table, a young boy, hard wall等短语中的big ,young, hard分别作为名词table, boy, wall的定语，阐述定语是用来修饰或限制名词或代词的，将其去掉后短语同样完整，加上它却能增加表达效果，使之大增色彩。同样，将定语从句去掉，主句依然完整。当学生明白定语从句相当于形容词做定语后，即可进行如下练习：
将下面小题的两个简单句合并成一个复合句，并使句意保持不变：Mary likes the music.The music is quiet and gentle.
首先，让学生找出两个简单句中相同的词或短语，它就是先行词。显然，本句的先行词就是the music.其次，找出主句Mary likes the music.第三，加上中心词the music的定语，该句就合并成Mary likes the music that/which is quiet and gentle.最后，教会学生检验正误。当我们把从句that/which is quiet and gentle.删去后，句子即为Mary likes the music.正好与主句完全一致，从而可知该句Mary likes the music that/which is quiet and gentle.是正确的。
二、顺水推舟
学生此刻会问：“当我们找到先行词后，怎么选择定语从句的连词？”教师便抓住学生的迫切需要，做出如下归纳：
1、当先行词是人时，连词用who（做从句的主语）、whom（做从句的宾语）；当先行词是人时，也可用that（做从句的主语或宾语）；例如：
〔1〕She is the woman who/that teaches us English.�做从句的主语�〔2〕This is the boy whom/that we talked to just now.�做从句的宾语�
注：当连词做从句的宾语时可以省略。
2、当先行词是物时，连词用that 或which（均可做从句的主语或宾语）；例如：
〔1〕It’s a book that/which introduces China in detail.�做从句的主语�〔2〕This is the dog that/which we wanted to find yesterday.�做从句的宾语�
注：当连词做从句的宾语时可以省略。
3、当先行词表示所属关系时，不管他是人还是物，连词都用whose�做从句的定语�;例如：
〔1〕This is the house whose windows face to south.�做从句的定语，先行词是物�〔2〕He is the boy whose mother is a bus driver.�做从句的定语，先行词是人�
4、当先行词表示时间时，连词用when�做从句的时间状语�；当先行词表示地点时，连词用where�做从句的地点状语�；当先行词表示原因时，连词用why�做从句的原因状语�；当先行词表示比较时，连词用as�做从句的比较状语�例如：
〔1〕I will never forget the day when we first met in a park.�做从句的时间状语�〔2〕My favorite city is Beijing where I can visit the Great Wall.�做从句的地点状语�〔3〕This is the reason why you should leave.�做从句的原因状语�
三、乘胜追击
讲到此处，学生最急于想知道的就是怎样区别连词that,which,who的用法，于是，我就介绍它们的用法区别如下：
1、只用that的情况：
�1�Is there anything that I can do for you?�当先行词是不定代词或被不定代词all,much,everything,none,other,the other等修饰时，连词只能用that�
�2�The only thing that I want to do is to have a rest.�当先行词被only,very,just,last,one of ,no,little,few,any等词修饰时连词只能用that�
�3�He was the first person that passed the exam.（当先行词被序数词first,second等修饰时连词只能用that）
�4�This is the best way that can solve the problem.�当先行词被最高级修饰时连词只能用that�
�5�The film star and her film that you have just talked about is really well-known. �当先行词有人有物时连词只能用that�
（6�He brought two cats yesterday. Now I can see the two that are playing in the garden.�当先行词是基数词时连词只能用that�
�7�He built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. �当前一个连词用which,后一个连词只能用that,避免重复�
�8�There is a book on the desk that belongs to Frank.�There be句型中先行词指物时连词只能用that�
2、只用which的情况：
（1）This the house of which the windows face south.�当先行词指物时，which能与介词连用而that不能�
（2）Tom came back, which made us happy.（which引导非限定性定语从句指事/物而that不能）
（3）What’s that which was put in the car?
�当先行词是that/those时连词只能用which而不能用that�
�4�Let me show you the novel that I borrow from the library which was newly open to us.
�当前一个连词用that,后一个连词只能用which,避免重复�
3、只能用who的情况：
（1）Anyone who does that must be mad.
�当先行词是指人的不定代词时，连词只能用who�
（2）There is a young man who wants to see you.
（There be句型中先行词指人时，连词只能用who�
（3）I met a friend of mine in the park yesterday who had got three gold medals in the Asian Games.�当先行词指人且其后有较长修饰语时，连词只能用who）
�4�He who plays with fire gets burned.�在谚语中，当先行词是I,you,he,they等时，连词只能用who�
在讲完这一切过后，同学们就会豁然开朗，再加点巩固练习题，要让学生掌握定语从句，应当不是什么难事了。我就是这样一步步地把定语从句教给学生的。
（作者单位系贵州省遵义县三岔中学）