摘 要:在英语中,尽管一般过去时和过去进行时均表达过去,但它们是两种不同的时态,在做动词练习时往往将这两种不同的用法混淆,试比较:一般过去时①表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。②过去习惯性�经常性的动作行为。而过去进行时则表示过去某段时间正在发生的行为或动作。
关键词:新课标;过去时;过去进行时;教学;概念
中图分类号:G630 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-2851(2010)11-0158-01
在英语中,尽管一般过去时和过去进行时均表达过去,但它们是两种不同的时态,在做动词练习时往往将这两种不同的用法混淆,试比较:
第一步:概念不同
一般过去时①表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。②过去习惯性�经常性的动作行为。而过去进行时则表示过去某段时间正在发生的行为或动作。
例如:⑴He joined the army last year.
他去年参了军。
⑵He was writing a letter at this time yesterday.
他昨天这个时候正在写信。
第二步:动词的用法不同
⒈助动词不同。一般过去时通常用did、而过去进行时则用助动词be的去式was或were。
例如:⑴Did he do his homework last Sunday?
他上星期天做家庭作业了吗?
⑵The students were cleaning their classroom atfive yesterday afternoon.
学生们昨天下午五点钟正在打扫教室。
⒉谓语动词形式不同。一般过去时用动词的过去式,即V-ed形式。过去进行时要用助动词was/were加动词的现在分词,即V-ing形式。
例如:⑴What happened to the old man a momentago?
那位老人刚刚发生了什么事情?
⑵Her mother was cooking when she got home.
她到家时,她的妈妈正做饭。
⒊一般过去时除可以使用行为动词的过去式,还有另外两类动词的表达。
①Be动词的表达,即am/is/are的过去式was/were
②情态动词的过去式could,might,needed... 等.
例如:⑴He was in the park just now.
他刚才在公园里。
⑵Daniel could ride a bike at the age ofsix.
丹尼尔六岁时,就能骑自行车。
第三步:时间状语不同
一般过去时的时间状语yesterday,yesterday �morning /afternoon/evening�,theday before yesterday,last night�week/month /year)过去进行时的间状语有①at this time yesterday, those days,at nine this morning,from 4 to 8 yesterday....②when或while引导的时间状语从句
例如:⑴What were you doing at this time last Friday?
你上周五这时正在干什么?
⑵Jim was watching TV when his friend came in.
吉姆的朋友进来时,他正在看电视。
【同步导学】
一、用动词的正确形式填空
1.________you_________(see) the traffic accident yesterday?
2.What_______he________(do) at eight the day before yesterday?
3.Sne ______________(read )some guidebooks at that time.
4.We ______________(go) to the Funny World Museum this morning.
5.The children ____________(have)a great time last Sunday .
6.The last dodo ___________(die)in 1681.
7.The baby_______________(sleep) while his mother ___________(watch)TV.
8.People __________(run)wildly when the earthquake happened.
二、翻译下列句子
1.上周孩子们做了一个漂亮的风筝。
____________________________________________________
2.昨天这个时候正在给我们上音乐课。
______________________________________________________
3.妈妈正在做早饭时,这时电话铃响了。
______________________________________________________
4.刚才我看见汤姆到楼上去了。
_______________________________________________________
5.昨天晚上从7点到9点她在干什么?
_____________________________________________________
答案:一、1.Did …see 2.was… doing 3.was reading 4.went 5.had 6.died7.was sleeping,was watching 8.were running
二、1.The children made a beautiful kite.
2.We were having a music lesson at this time yesterday.
3.Mother was doing some cooking when the telephone rang.
4.I saw Tom go upstairs just now.
5.What was she doing from 7 to 9 yesterday evening ?