虚拟语气的常考点虚拟语气表格

　　虚拟语气是英语中常出现的一种语言现象，近几年成了高考中的一个热点。让我们来看看它有哪些常考点。　　考点一：非真实条件句中的虚拟语气　　例1 If he_______my advice，he wouldn’t have lost his job.
　　A. followed B. should follow
　　C. had followed D. would follow
　　【分析】选C。本题考查的是与过去事实相反的非真实条件句中虚拟语气的用法。根据主句中的时态为过去将来完成时，那么对应的条件句中就应该使用过去完成时。
　　考点二：错综时间虚拟条件句
　　例2 Maybe if I _______ science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.
　　A. studied B. would study
　　C. had studied D. was studying
　　【分析】选C。本题中主句和从句分别与不同时间的事实相反。主句用的是过去将来时，说明是与现在事实相反，但从句中有一个过去时间then，说明从句是与过去事实相反，所以应该使用对应的过去完成时。
　　当从句与主句或上下文所表述的时间不一致时，我们切不可照搬某种形式，而应该按照句中所表述的时间，来选择相应的时态。
　　考点三：省略if
　　例3 Had I known about this computer program，a huge amount of time and energy_______.
　　A. would have been saved B. had been saved
　　C. will be saved D. was saved
　　【分析】选A。本题中的前半句是一个省略if后再把had提前的从句。从句中使用的是过去完成时，说明是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，那么主句中就对应地使用过去将来完成时。所以答案选Ａ。
　　当虚拟条件句中有 were， had， should 时，可省略 if，将 were， had， should 移到句首。
　　考点四：名词性从句中的虚拟语气
　　例4 Teachers recommend parents_______their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.
　　A. not allow B. do not allow
　　C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow
　　【分析】选Ａ。本题中的关键词是recommend，是“推荐；建议”的意思，在后面接宾语从句时应该使用“should+do”，其中should可以省略。故答案为Ａ。
　　常见的要用虚拟语气的动词有：一个坚持insist；两个命令order，command；三条建议suggest， advise，propose；六项要求demand，request，require，ask，urge，desire。但suggest表示“暗示，表明”， insist表示“坚持认为”时，不用虚拟语气。
　　例5 _______in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.
　　A. What is required B. What requires
　　C. It is required D. It requires
　　【分析】选C。本题考查的是主语从句中虚拟语气的用法。require后的从句也要使用“should+do”，其中should可以省略。
　　例6 His suggestion that you _______ once more sounds reasonable.
　　A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try
　　【分析】选A。本题考查的是同位语从句中的虚拟语气的用法。因为句中含有suggestion（建议），所以从句中要使用“should+do”，其中should可以省略。
　　考点五：几种特殊句式的虚拟语气
　　例7 George is going to talk about the geography of his country，but I’d rather he_______more on its culture.
　　A. focus B. focused
　　C. would focus D. had focused
　　【分析】选B。本题考查的是would rather后接从句时虚拟语气的用法。从句与现在事实相反时，动词时态要使用过去时。另外，从句与过去事实相反时，动词时态用过去完成时；从句与将来事实相反时，动词时态要用过去时。
　　例8 ―Where are the children？ The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
　　―I wish they _______ always late.
　　A. weren’t B. hadn’t been
　　C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been
　　【分析】选A。wish 后的宾语从句，谓语动词用过去时，表示与现在事实相反的愿望；用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反的愿望；用“would／could／might＋动词原形”时，表示与将来事情相反的愿望。
　　考点六：句型It is high/about time（that）从句
　　例9 It’s about time he_______ to do the work.
　　A. begins B. will begin C. begin D. began
　　【分析】选D。本题考查的是It is high/ about time（that）从句中的虚拟语气的用法。从句使用过去时或“should + do”，其中should不能省略。
　　考点七：含蓄式虚拟语气
　　例10 We _______ John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
　　A. will put B. will have put
　　C. would put D. would have put
　　【分析】选D。本题考查的是含有but for 的含蓄式虚拟语气的用法。根据句意可知，主句应是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以对应地用过去将来完成时。
　　英语中可用without，but for，or，otherwise，but，once，though，if only等引导含蓄式虚拟语气。
　　高考模拟题
　　1. If we _______ the other road，we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
　　A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken
　　2. _______ for the doctor’s careful treatment，he _______till last year.
　　A. If it is not；can’t live
　　B. Were it not；couldn’t live
　　C. Had it not been；couldn’t have lived
　　D. If they were not；couldn’t live
　　3. ―How do you _______we go to Beijing for our holidays？
　　―I think we’d better fly there. It’s much more comfortable.
　　A. insist B. want C. suppose D. suggest
　　4. It was ordered that no smoking _______ in the library.
　　A. should allow B. be allowed
　　C. will be allowed D. is allowed
　　5. It’s high time we _______ to the theater.
　　A. will go B. shall go C. are going to D. went
　　参考答案 1~5 BCDBD
　　（责任编校/彭益）