2017 政府工作报告英文版学习笔记 23 2017-10-18 CATTI 考试资料与资讯 （八）推进以保障和改善民生为重点的社会建设。民生是为政之要，必须时刻放在心头、扛在肩上。在当前国内外形势严峻复杂的情况下，更要优先保障和改善民生，该办能办的实事要竭力办好，基本民生的底线要坚决兜牢。
8. Promoting social development to ensure and improve the wellbeing of our people
The wellbeing of the people is at the center of governance; it must be always on our minds and the responsibility for it must never leave our shoulders. Against the backdrop of challenging and complex environments both at home and abroad, it is all the more imperative that we prioritize efforts to ensure and improve the wellbeing of our people, spare no effort to deliver benefit to them wherever possible, and ensure their basic living needs are met.
优先
prioritize efforts to 基本民生
basic living needs
大力促进就业创业。完善就业政策，加大就业培训力度，加强对灵活就业、新就业形态的支持。
We will strive to boost employment and business startups. We will improve employment policy, strengthen employment training, and increase support for flexible employment and new forms of employment.
加大就业培训力度
strengthen employment training
(范畴词的省略)
今年高校毕业生 795 万人，再创历史新高，要实施好就业促进、创业引领、基层成长等计划，促进多渠道就业创业。落实和完善政策，切实做好退役军人安置工作。
This year, 7.95 million students will graduate from college, the highest number on record. We need to effectively implement initiatives to promote their employment, to guide them in starting businesses, and to encourage them to work at the community level, providing our college graduates with multiple channels to find jobs or start their own businesses. We will implement and improve policies and see that demobilized military personnel are settled into new jobs.
退役军人 demobilized military personnel
加大就业援助力度，扶持城镇困难人员、残疾人就业，确保零就业家庭至少有一人稳定就业。
We will step up employment assistance to help vulnerable urban residents and people with disabilities find employment and to ensure that at least one member in every family currently with zero employment secures a stable job.
就业援助
employment assistance
我们必须牢牢抓住就业这一民生之本，让人们在劳动中创造财富，在奋斗中实现人生价值。
Employment is crucial to ensuring people’s wellbeing. We will focus our effort on facilitating employment to see that through their hard work, people can create wealth and realize their full potential.
办好公平优质教育。统一城乡义务教育学生“两免一补”政策，加快实现城镇义务教育公共服务常住人口全覆盖，持续改善薄弱学校办学条件，扩大优质教育资源覆盖面，不断缩小城乡、区域、校际办学差距。
We will work to ensure that our people have access to equitable and quality education.We will combine the separate policies for rural and urban students receiving compulsory education that waive tuition and miscellaneous fees, supply free textbooks, and grant living allowances for boarders from financially disadvantaged families. We will make compulsory education accessible as a public service to all permanent urban residents, with and without local urban household registration. We will continue to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools, and expand the reach of quality educational resources, so as to narrow the gap in the quality of education between urban and rural areas, different regions, and different schools.
两免一补 waive tuition and miscellaneous fees
不断缩小····差距
narrow the gap
between
继续扩大重点高校面向贫困地区农村招生规模。提高博士研究生国家助学金补助标准。推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设。继续推动部分本科高校向应用型转变。
We will continue to expand the enrollment of students from poor rural areas at key colleges and universities. We will increase government grants for PhD students. We will strengthen efforts to develop more world-class universities and first-class fields of discipline. We will continue to encourage some undergraduate institutions to shift their focus toward providing applied education.
世界一流大学 world-class universities
一流学 科 first-class fields of discipline
深化高考综合改革试点。加快发展现代职业教育。加强民族教育，办好特殊教育、继续教育、学前教育和老年教育。支持和规范民办教育发展。加强教师队伍建设。
We will pilot comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination system; accelerate the development of modern vocational education; ensure ethnic minorities improve their education; and make sure that we have good special needs education, continuing education, preschool education, and education for senior citizens. We will support the development of private education and work to ensure it meets all relevant standards. We will work to improve teacher
performance.
制定实施《中国教育现代化 2030》。我们要发展人民满意的教育，以教育现代化支撑国家现代化，使更多孩子成就梦想、更多家庭实现希望。
The Modernizing Chinese Education 2030 initiative will be developed and launched. We will develop education that satisfies the needs of our people, make the modernization of education underpin the modernization of our country, and see that more children realize their dreams and more families have their hopes fulfilled.
制定实施
develop and launch 支撑 underpin
教育现代化 the modernization of education
推进健康中国建设。城乡居民医保财政补助由每人每年 420 元提高到 450 元，同步提高个人缴费标准，扩大用药保障范围。
We will make continued progress in building a Healthy China.We will increase both government subsidies for basic health insurance for rural and nonworking urban residents from 420 to 450 yuan per person per annum and personal contributions, and will expand the scope of this insurance to cover more medicines.
财政补助 government subsidies
在全国推进医保信息联网，实现异地就医住院费用直接结算。完善大病保险制度，提高保障水平。
We will accelerate the building of a nationwide information network for basic health insurance so that healthcare costs can be settled directly where incurred. We will improve the major disease insurance system and increase insurance benefits for subscribers.
医保信息联网
information network for basic health insurance 大病保险 major disease insurance
全面启动多种形式的医疗联合体建设试点，三级公立医院要全部参与并发挥引领作用，建立促进优质医疗资源上下贯通的考核和激励机制，增强基层服务能力，方便群众就近就医。分级诊疗试点和家庭签约服务扩大到 85%以上地市。
We will launch nationwide trials to establish partnerships of different forms between medical institutions operating at different levels. All municipal-level public hospitals will be expected to participate and play a leading role in this initiative. We will establish performance evaluation and incentive mechanisms that encourage the coordinated use of quality medical resources with a view to improving the capacity of community hospitals and conveniencing people by enabling access to medical services closer to home. We will extend trials to use a tiered diagnosis and
treatment model and a contracted family doctor service system to cover over 85 percent of prefectural-level cities in China.
考核和激励机制 performance evaluation and incentive mechanisms
三级公立医院 All municipal-level public hospitals
优质医疗资源
quality medical resources 分级诊疗
tiered diagnosis and treatment model
做好健康促进，继续提高基本公共卫生服务经费补助标准，加强疾病预防体系和慢性病防控体系建设。及时公开透明有效应对公共卫生事件。
In promoting better health, we will continue to increase government subsidies for funding basic public health services and strengthen the development of the disease prevention system and the chronic disease prevention and control system. We will respond to public health accidents promptly, publicly, and effectively.
公共卫生事件 public health accidents
保护和调动医务人员积极性。构建和谐医患关系。适应实施全面两孩政策，加强生育医疗保健服务。依法支持中医药事业发展。
We will work to ensure that medical practitioners remain motivated and that interactions between doctor and patient are amicable. As the policy of allowing couples to have two children has been adopted, we need to strengthen our maternity medical and healthcare services. We will support the development of traditional Chinese medicine on the basis of law.
医务人员
medical practitioners 生育医疗保健服务 maternity medical and healthcare services
食品药品安全事关人民健康，必须管得严而又严。要完善监管体制机制，充实基层监管力量，夯实各方责任，坚持源头控制、产管并重、重典治乱，坚决把好人民群众饮食用药安全的每一道关口。
The safety of food and medicine is important to the health of our people and therefore demands regulation of the utmost rigor. With this in mind, we will improve the related regulatory system and mechanisms, and strengthen regulatory agencies on the ground. We will ensure that responsibilities are fully assumed by all those involved; and we will exercise regulation that starts with the source, place equal emphasis on regulation over production and management, and see that serious violations are severely penalized. We will be firm in doing all we can to ensure the safety of food and medicine for our people.
产管并重
place equal emphasis on regulation over production and management 重典治乱 serious violations are severely penalized
织密扎牢民生保障网。继续提高退休人员基本养老金，确保按时足额发放。稳步提高优抚、社会救助标准，实施好临时救助制度。调整完善自然灾害生活补助机制，全部完成去年洪涝灾害中倒损民房的恢复重建。
We will weave a strong safety net to ensure people’s wellbeing. We will continue raising basic pension payments and see they are paid on time and in full. Standards for benefits for entitled groups and social assistance benefits will be steadily raised, and the emergency aid system will be fully implemented. We will adjust and improve the natural disaster subsidy mechanism, and finish the rebuilding of all houses damaged during flooding last year.
退休人员基本养老金 basic pension payments
临时救助制度
emergency aid system
自然灾害生活补助机制
natural disaster subsidy mechanism
加强农村留守儿童关爱保护和城乡困境儿童保障。关心帮助军烈属和孤寡老人。全面落实残疾人“两项补贴”制度。
We will strengthen efforts to ensure the care and protection of children who remain in rural areas while their parents work away in the cities and provide support for children living in difficult conditions in both rural and urban areas. We will provide care and assistance to the families of military personnel and revolutionary martyrs and elderly people who live alone. We will achieve full coverage in providing living allowances for people with disabilities in financial difficulty and nursing care subsidies for people with severe disabilities.
军烈属
families of military personnel and revolutionary martyrs
县级政府要建立基本生活保障协调机制，切实做好托底工作，使困难群众心里有温暖、生活有奔头。综合运用法律、行政、经济等手段，锲而不舍解决好农民工工资拖欠问题，决不允许他们的辛勤付出得不到应有回报。
County-level governments must put in place coordination mechanisms for meeting people’s most basic needs. They must make sure there is a social cushion in place, letting those in real need feel support is there and see hope up ahead. We will use a combination of legal, administrative, and economic means to continue resolving the problem of wage arrears for migrant workers, never allowing their hard work to go unpaid.
县级政府 County-level governments 建立 put in place
协调机制
coordination mechanisms
发展文化事业和文化产业。加强社会主义精神文明建设，坚持用中国梦和社会主义核心价值观凝聚共识、汇聚力量，坚定文化自信。繁荣发展哲学社会科学和文学艺术创作，发展新闻出版、广播影视、档案等事业。
We will develop cultural programs and industries. We will foster stronger observance of socialist cultural and ethical standards, and continue to use the Chinese Dream and core socialist values to build consensus, pool energy, and strengthen our people’s confidence in Chinese culture. We will work to ensure that philosophy, the social sciences, art, and literature develop and thrive, and promote the development of the press, publishing, radio, television, film, and archiving.
凝聚共识
build consensus 汇聚力量 pool energy 档案 archiving
建设中国特色新型智库。实施中华优秀传统文化传承发展工程，加强文物和非物质文化遗产保护利用。大力推动全民阅读，加强科学普及。
We will develop new types of think tanks with distinctive Chinese features. We will implement the programs to keep fine traditional Chinese culture thriving and see that China’s cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage receive effective protection and play fuller roles. We will work hard to foster a love of reading in our people and enable them to learn more about science.
中华优秀传统文化
fine traditional Chinese culture
提高基本公共文化服务均等化水平。加快培育文化产业，加强文化市场监管，净化网络环境。深化中外人文交流，推动中华文化走出去。
We will make basic public cultural services more equitable. We will speed up our work to develop cultural industries, strengthen regulation over cultural markets, and foster a healthy cyberspace environment. We will deepen personal and cultural exchanges with other countries and do more to share Chinese culture with other countries.
基本公共文化服务
basic public cultural services 中华文化走出去 share Chinese culture with other countries
做好冬奥会、冬残奥会筹办工作，统筹群众体育、竞技体育、体育产业发展，广泛开展全民健身，使更多人享受运动快乐、拥有健康体魄。人民身心健康、乐观向上，国家必将充满生机活力。
We will make full preparations for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games and Paralympic Games in Beijing. We will promote coordinated development of recreational and competitive sports and sports industries, and launch extensive Fitness-for-All initiatives so that more people will enjoy sports and stay fit and healthy. When its people are healthy and optimistic, a country will certainly be full of vitality.
充满生机活力 be full of vitality
推动社会治理创新。健全基层群众自治制度，加强城乡社区治理。充分发挥工会、共青团、
妇联等群团组织作用。
We will explore new forms of social governance. We will improve the system of primary level self-governance and strengthen community governance in both urban and rural areas. We will see that trade unions, Communist Youth League organizations, women’s federations, and other people’s organizations fully play their roles.
社会治理 social governance 工会
trade unions 共青团 Communist Youth League organizations
妇联 women’s federations
改革完善社会组织管理制度，依法推进公益和慈善事业健康发展，促进专业社会工作、志愿服务发展。
We will reform and improve the system for regulating social organizations, promote the healthy development of public-interest activities and charity on the basis of law, and promote specialized social work and volunteer services.
公益和慈善事业 public-interest activities and charity 志愿服务 volunteer services
切实保障妇女、儿童、老人、残疾人合法权益。加快社会信用体系建设。加强法治宣传教育和法律服务。落实信访工作责任制，依法及时就地解决群众合理诉求。
The legitimate rights and interests of women, children, the elderly, and people with disabilities will be effectively protected. We will move faster to improve the social credit system, and work to heighten public awareness of rule of law and strengthen legal services. We will enforce the responsibility system for handling public complaints and see that justified demands are addressed promptly and locally in accordance with law.
合法权益
legitimate rights and interests
信访 public complaints
深化平安中国建设，健全立体化信息化社会治安防控体系，严厉打击暴力恐怖活动，依法惩治黑恶势力犯罪、毒品犯罪和盗窃、抢劫、电信网络诈骗、侵犯个人信息等多发性犯罪，维护国家安全和社会稳定。
We will continue to pursue the Peaceful China initiative, improve the multidimensional, IT-based crime prevention and control system, crack down hard on violent terrorist activities, and punish organized crime,drug-related crime, and common crimes like theft, robbery, telecommunications and online fraud, and infringement of personal information, thus upholding China’s national security and social stability.
平安中国 the Peaceful China initiative 电信网络诈骗 telecommunications and online fraud 侵犯个人信息
infringement of personal information
严格规范公正文明执法，大力整治社会治安突出问题，全方位提高人民群众安全感。
We will work to see that law is enforced in a strict, standardized, fair, and civil way, address prominent problems that endanger public security, and take comprehensive measures to ensure the security of our people.
突出问题 prominent problems
社会治安 public security 全方位 take comprehensive measures to
人命关天，安全至上。必须持之以恒抓好安全生产。加强安全基础设施建设，做好地震、气象、测绘、地质等工作。
We will ensure workplace safety and protect people’s lives. We must work with tireless dedication to ensure workplace safety. We will strengthen the development of safety infrastructure, and ensure the quality of work related to seismology, meteorology, surveying, mapping, and geology.
持之以恒 work with tireless dedication 安全生产 workplace safety 安全基础设施 safety infrastructure 地震
seismology
气象
meteorology 测绘 surveying,mapping 地质 geology
严格安全生产责任制，全面落实企业主体责任、地方属地管理责任、部门监管责任，坚决遏制重特大事故发生，切实保障人民群众生命财产安全。
To curb the occurrence of serious and major accidents and protect the lives and property of our people, we will strictly enforce the workplace safety responsibility system, and see that all responsibilities are fulfilled, namely, the primary responsibility of the enterprise itself, the regulatory responsibility of the government in the locality where the enterprise is located, and the oversight responsibility of the relevant government department.
主体责任 primary responsibility 监管责任 oversight responsibility 管理责任 regulatory responsibility