摘要 [目的]掌握近年來云浮口岸进口货物携带外来有害生物的情况。[方法]对云浮口岸2012～2016年从进口货物中截获的植物疫情情况以及云浮口岸外来有害生物监测数据进行统计分析。[结果]2012～2016年云浮口岸共截获各类动植物139种，其中昆虫85种，共195批次；植物39种，共119批次；螨类1种，共5批次；线虫2种，共10批次；蜗牛5种，共12批次；蜘蛛6种，共204批次；真菌1种，共2批次。在云浮口岸截获的外来有害生物中，比萨茶蜗牛系全国口岸首次截获，欧洲榆小蠹和刺亦模草为广东检验检疫局口岸首次截获，红火蚁、双钩异翅长蠹、桔小实蝇、鹰嘴豆象、刺茄、苍耳属（非中国种）、四纹豆象等检疫性昆虫和植物系云浮口岸首次截获。云浮口岸近年来的动植物检疫工作有效地阻止了这些外来有害生物的入侵与传播。此外，从印度、巴基斯坦、伊朗、土耳其等国家进口石材荒料包装粗放，卫生状况较差，携带动植物疫情风险较大。最后根据进口石材的特点和疫情的分析结果，提出了若干条加强进境石材类检疫监管的措施。[结论]该研究结果为今后出入境检验检疫部门在入境植物检疫以及构建生物安全防控体系工作方面提供了参考。
关键词 外来物种；植物检疫；进口石材；截获；云浮港
中图分类号 S41 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2018）06-0167-09
Plant Quarantine Status and Analysis of Exotic Pest Intercepted at Yunfu Port during 2012-2016
WANG Zhaojin1， CHEN Shengyi1， TONG Xiaoli2 et al （1. Yunfu EntryExit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau， Yunfu， Guangdong 527300；2. South China Agricultural University， Gangzhou， Guangdong 510642）
Abstract [Objective] The aim was to investigate the data of alien species carried by imported goods in Yunfu port in recent years. [Method] We analyzed the situation of plant quarantine and the data of invasive pests intercepted at Yunfu port during 2012-2016. [Result] A total of 139 species of exotic animals and plants were intercepted at Yunfu port during 2012-2016， including 85 species of insects （intercepting 195 times）， 39 species of plants （intercepting 119 times）， 1 species of mite （intercepting 5 times）， 2 species of nematodes （intercepting 10 times）， 5 species of snails （intercepting 12 times）， 6 species of spiders （intercepting 204 times） and 1 species of fungus （intercepting 2 times）. Among them， Theba pisana Müller was firstly intercepted in China， Scolytus multistriatus and Emex spinosa were intercepted for the first time in Guangdong Province， and Solenopsis invicta， Heterobostrychus aequalis， Bactrocera dorsalis， Solanum torvum， Callosobruchus maculatus and Xanthium sp. were firstly intercepted in Yunfu port. These interception works of plant quarantine prevented effectively invasion and spread of alien pests at Yunfu port in recent years. In addition， the imported stones from India， Pakistan， Iran and Turkey etc. were higher risk with carrying alien pests because their packaging extensive and poor health conditions. According to above results， the measures for enhancing quarantine and inspection to imported stones were provided. [Conclusion] The results provide information for further establishing the biosafety control system in the entryexit inspection and quarantine department.